Hardening steel articles



M rh 15', 1927.

' 1,620,779 D. s. ODONOYAN HARDENI'NG STEEL ARTICLES Filed Dec. 9, 1922 2 sheets-sheet 1 1,620,779 D. s. ODQNOVAN HARDENING STEEL ARTICLES Filed Dec. 9, 1922 2 sheefcs-v-sheei 2 Marc 2h 15, 1927 -fzknw2/Zrv a 51600170 Mr? convenience in installing the drill removing a mechanism hereafter described; and. therefore in order that they may be 'equall heated, a cornice projects from the urnace structure to deflect the heated gases onto the uppermost mufiier 9*.

For-leach there is'provided :a drill carriercoinpri'sing a rod 11 carrying fork12 "and pivotally mounted on the par- }allel and horizontally moving arms 13 latter are fixed to spindlesrl mounted "1n bearings 15 so as to turn with the minimun i' of friction. The bearings are'enclosed, in. A"

casing 16 which contains lubricant and protect's' the bearings from can. Ashield- 117- .fixed to each spindle 14 prevents dust from entering around the spindle. 'Qne bf the:

spindles is fitted with acqil spring 18 tlie lowelfendofwhich,engages fixed partx36. and the other end "of "whic'liis attached tore "cap 19 fixed to the spindle by a pin 20. By taking out the pin 20 and rotating the cap,

the tension of the spring can be accurately adjusted; anumber of holes 21 being for-mm in the cap for receivingthepin. I I The spring- 18 tends to-swxng the c and the drill S resting thereon, awayi from the mufile; the drill being held in placeain the furnace by the-action of a magnet-:22 let into the opposite Wall of the furnace and .fithus out of contact withithe hot'gases and drawing =mate1gial,

the drill. T1l1e; ;magne t r-ke pt .cool, by a stream of air (gr-other fluidfsupplied a pipe 23. The vdrill.supporting and iwlthmechanism is made cinch-magnetic l base27 which can be shifted ona pedestal 2'8 towards'or awaytroin the furnace'to accommodate short or long 'dri'lls.

to an insulatectcontact 31"Which is touched A signal bell29 isiconfiected by a lead30 1 'by one of the arms 13 when the latter swing arm ' f'vente from touching the sa-me on its return away from the "furnace." *In so moving the ushes the contact aside, 'and is prefmovement by an insulated back 32 to the contact. The second terminal of the bell is earthed.

The swinging movement of the arms 13 is limited by: adjustable stops 33, 34. The

. stop 3& nvarestto thefurnacej mounted on -.a1-spring controlledhsupport'35 which enables: it to movetowaids the' iurnace through a'idista'nce oi abou t half' an, inch.

The operationkis'asl f llows,D i ills fare placedin the soaking mufiies 5 or. 5 remote from the fire'and are shifted .Step by step towards the lire by being placed successively in the hotter soaking niufiles. Eventually holds the drill in place.

body which consists in somovablysupportsame timeapplyln-g to the body a force tendmg to withdraw it from theheatingzone. ,5

draw it from the heating zone. 1

or 9, at the same time pressing the support--- 35 against the spring. The drilhis then released sufiicientl to enable the spring support to --rcsu1ne its, normal. pgsition 'W hich retracts the-drihl ffom (lolfltagtivlthr'tlielfiilfile and pre ents it from being unduly heated locally. Withthe carrier in tl ns position the spring 18 is stres'sjed and"thereby tends I to withdraw tliecarrier; but 'thefmagiit The drill having been heated to within a few degrees of the proper temperature inth e. last soaking n piile 5 or 5, reaches the temperature of decalescencesoon after being inserteddn the final muffle-9501' 9". When this occurs theflmag; netic attraction falls; sufiiciently-iito c'nableil the spring 18 to become ettectiveitol'lswing the {carrier so as to withdraivthedrill from the n'iufiie 9 or 9'7, the spring IB' haVing been i suitably adjustedifor this purpose. The a '1 tendant,warned .the ringing 10 .be%

dip it inthe cooling fluid.

, sThe pyi'o1neter'2'5 is employed tofanake surethat the temperature of the final soaki-ff ing muflle 'is such that only a slight. 'addi tio'nal heating is requiredin thefinal nane; In connection with the foregoing it i"s"-to be. understood that the magnetiemeans act to talents article or bodyin thedieating positioiilu'ntil'the article or body has reached its I decalescent" point or condition at;- which timethe movable supporting or holding means withdraws the article. or the body.

1'. The'p'r'ocess of heating-a magnetic metal mg the body that its movement is not substantially influenced by its weight, retaining the bo'dydn a heating zone by the lat tractionof a magnet on'the body, andiat. the u 2. Theprocessof heating a magnetic metal body for harden ng,"whichconsists in sup-r porting itf-or movement 'uninfluencedlby its weight, locally heating aportion of the body in a heating zone, retainingtlie body in po sition inlhe heating zoneby' the attraction of magnet on it, and at the same time applying to,the body a force'tending to with- 3.1K furnace for heatingmagnetic metal" bodies comprising a heating chamber, a magnet arranged adjacent thereto so as to retain a magnetic body therein, a carrier for the body movable to p'ositionithe; body 1125- in and out of the heatingclianibbn, and means fornpplying to the carrier d tch-ac I tive' force opposing the magnetic to 4;. A "furnace to'r heating magnet bodies comprising a heating nemies I net arranged adjacent thereto, and amounting forthe body movable towards and from the magnet, said mnuntin tending constantly to move awaylvg'wrom t e magnet.

5. A furnace for heating magnetic metal bodies comprising a heating chamber, a magnet arranged adjacent thereto, a mounting for the body, movable to osition the body alternatively in or out of t e heating cham-- her, said m'ountin tending constantly to move away from net a ranged ad acent thereto, and a carrier mon ed on 'plvoted armsto swing towards and from the magnet and biassedto swing therefrom.

7. A furnace for heating magnetic metal bodies comprising a furnace structure, a

magnet fixed in relation thereto, a carrier support and a carrier for the body mounted on said support to move towards and from I' the. magnet said support being adjustable towards and from the furnace structure...

8. Afurnace for heating magnetic metal bodies comprising a heating chamber. a

V mufiie projecting therein, a magnet adjaant the end of the mufiie, a carrier arranged in front of the mufiie to support a body in the mufile and movable to withdraw the body from the mufiie, said carrier being biassed to move away from'the mufiie and the magnet.

9. A furnace for heating magnetic metal bodies comprisin a heating. chamber, a mufiie projecting t erein, a magnet adjacent the end of the muflle, a carrier in front of the muflleto support a body in the mufile be and movable to withdraw the body from the muliie, and a stop for hunting movement of the carrier towards the mufiie, said stop being'spring supported.

10. A furnace for heating magnetic metal bodies comprisinga heating chamber, a

. number of soaking mufiles'arranged therein to be heated to progressively varying temperatures, a final heating muflie, positioned to attain a higher temperature than the soaking muflies, magnetic means for holding a body in the final mufllepand means tending to withdraw the body from the final muilie.

11. A furnace for heating magnetic metal movement into and from Said a n m i 12".

bodies comprising a heating chamber, a

number of soaking mufiles arranged thereinv to be heated to raduated temperatures, a

, netic means for holding 'a body in the final muflle, means-tending to withdraw the body, tion'the body in and out of a heating? osif.

from the final muflle and signal means ac tion of the body, and adjacent portions n for hardening comprising a furnace structure providing a combustion chamber and a flue, several staggered rows of soaking muflics disposed transversely in theflue and correspondin final heatingmuiiles in the combustion c amber.

13. A drill heating furnace comprising a furnace structure providinga combustion chamber and a flue, several rows'of soaking mulil'es disposed along the flue. correspond;v

ing finalheating mu 7 chamber and disposed at difi'm mi positions relatively to' the fire, and guide means on the furnace structure to deflect hot gases on.

"i 1 ituated muiiie or mufiies. Thegyn od ,of heating a, magnetic dbody," which nsfists inmo'unting the body for movenien to sition it in a heating zone or withdraw- 1t *'therefrom and sovthat with raw the'body from the heating zoneyvlienthe body loses magnetism due to heatmg.

es in iluminbustion" ftracti' e fierce which becomes effective to '"f' .15. A furnace for heat treatment of J bodies, comprising a heating chamber,

I means supporting a. body for movement substantially uninfluenced by the weight of the body and so a's,to positionvthe body in and: out of the heating chamber, a-magnet ar ranged to exert magnetic attractionon the -body when in the heating chamber, and

means for exerting force on the body tending to withdraw it from the heating, chain- 16. The method of heatin for movement, exposing only apportion field. which effectively embracessai g e' ma i body which consists in supporting bod I it to a; heating influence, forminga m; a c

simultaneously applying to the beam re tractive force whichbecomes] effective-to withdraw the body from'th'eheating infill- 1 once upon the magnetic attractionffallingi due to heating of the'body. 17. A- furnace for heat treatment of- Wlies, p s a ating chamber,

nieans'supporting the body 'forhoriaontal the body tendln heating chamber.

18. A furnace for. heat treatmeff of a body comprising a carrier movable-to posi tion a heating means acting 5n the be the g to withdraw it from the v.

.v i i g v beating pos1t1onfto. heat a portion of the 12. furnace for heating steel articles; body, a magnet providing a magn'cticlfield- 1 3 0.

which when the 2 body is'fin' the heating pbsi tion efiectively e'n'ihraces said portion and g i ferent position when its decalescentcondrtion is reached; said support. being movable other portions of bodygand force exerting mcans tending to withdraw the body fromtheheating position.- i

19. In apparatus" of the character set forth.

the combination with heatingmeans, of motia'bl'e means for holding an article. to be treated iiipositioii "to be heated by said heat ing' means "and means operated'by the mov- -ing;ho1ding means-for automatically indicatingwhen said article has reached adesired temperature;

"' 20. In a paratus-of the character set forth,-the""combination with heating means, of movable means for holdingan artlcle to be tenipered in position. to he -heated Icy-said heating means, andvtmea'iis.operated by said inot abl'e holding means for automatically indicating When-said article has reached the point'of decalescence; 1 t

leases, said article and its supporting means when the article is heated tosubstantially its decalescent point.

225 In apparatus of the character set forth, thec-ombination with heatlng means, of a support for holdingah article of magnetic" material, both during itsv heating and I after it has reached its decalescent ('QIlClltlOIl and means for'magnetically holding the article in a vpredetermined position during its heatinglby the heating means releasing it to permit its movement to a different position whilestill carried by the supportwhenits decalescent condition is reached.

23, In apparatus o'fthetcharacter set'f0rth,

thefcomhinat-ion 'with heating means, of a movable support for'holding an article :of magnetic material both C during its heating and 'afterit has reached its decalescent condi'tio n, and means for magnetically holding the article in a predetermined position during its 'lie'ating by the heating means and releasing it tofpermit its movement to a diffei'entposition when its decalescent condi tion-"is reached, said support being movable 1i to'a position to carrythe article to said heatingvipositi'on and beingheld therein by-tho a-rticle'until the latter is released by said holding means: 24. In'apparatus of the character set forth,

the combi nation with] heating means, of a movable support for holding sin-article; of

- magnetic;- material both during its heating andafterit h reached its decalescent conditidn', and me ns for magnetically holding the article; in? a} predetermined position dur- 21.'Irr5= apparatus of the characterset "forth, the combination with heating means; offla movablemeans for supportinga mag ing its'lieating by the heating means and re leasing it-to'permit its movement to adif to a position to carry the article to said heating position and being-held therein by'the article until the latter is; released by said a holding means, said support having means;

for causing its return movement1with the article when the latter is released; Y I

- 25. In apparatus of the character set forth,

the cOmbination with heating means, of a pivoted support for holding an article in position to be heated by said means, and

magnetic means that-operates on an article placed on the support to hold thelarticle and support in a predetermined position. while the article is being heated and releases the article when the same reaches the decalesc ent point to permit the support to swing on its pivot. T

In apparatus of the character set'forth,

the combinationiwith heating means'f of a I swinging support .havinga saddle for holding a magnetizable artlcle. in the zone, of

said heating means, and'magnetic means that I operates on said article tohold theiarticle until the temperature thereof makes said article substantially non magnetic.

21. Iii-apparatus of the character set forth,

.the 'jcombination with heating means, of a nioyablesupport for holding a magnetizable lll'tlt'l in the zone of said heating: means,

magnetic means that operates on saidfarticle to hold the article until the teml'ierature support on its movement for indicating when'said 'art'icle becomessubstantially nonthereofmakessaidarticle substantially non magnetic, and mechanism operated vby the no I to hold the article until the temperature thereof makes said article substantially nonmagnetic, and indicating mechanism actu ated by' the n'iovem'ent of the support.

29; In apparatus of the character set forth, thetcombination with a heatin furnace having an article receiving cham er,-of a support pivoted at one side of the same and having a portion for ho'ldin an article in the chalnber, meansfor-producing a, mag-- netic condition of the article when in the furnace to hold the support against.movement and permit .such movement when the article becomes heated tona non-magnetic port; 5

30. In apparatus of character set fortli,

cle support 'pivotally mounted alongside th'e turnace, and magnetic means for holding a :the combination withlafurnace, of an artii mugnetic'article on the support ina, position to be heated by the furnace, said means becoming inactive on the article when the latter reaches the decalescent point.

:51. In apparatus of the character set forth, the combination with a furnace, of an article shppurt mounted on one side of the furnace,

and magnetic means on the other side of the furnace for holding a magnetic article on 3 the. support in a position to be heated by the furnace, sald means becomlng mactlve on the article \yhen the latter reaches the dccalescent point.

. DAVID STANISLAUS ODONOVAN. 

